Abstract:Abstract: Objective To explore the epidemic character, clinical feature and laboratorial result of cryptococcus neoformans meningitis(CNM). Methods Encephalitis and meningitis has been active monitored by the perspective observational study from 2008 to 2009. There are one children’s hospital, three provincal general hospital and two rural general county hospital in four county districts involved of the active surveillance system randomly. Culture and the latex agglutination test were used to detect the agent by blood and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF). Results There were 19 cases who manifested themselves clinically in various manners with the gradual onset and the longer courses. Their average ages was 11.91 years old. The annual average incidence rate of CNM among 5 years old of the following children is 1.20/lakh in Shijiazhuang. The ratio between the urban cases and the rural cases is 16:3. The disease occurred all the year round, with an increased incidence in the summer. 36.84% of CNM is with a history of the depleting disease, such as nephrotic syndrome, diabetes, aplasticanemia, and so on. There were 84.21% of cases contacted with the saprophyte, such as plant, birds and its feces, and so on. The result of the blood test and CSF is nonspecific respectively. There were 19 and 13 positive cases detected by Culture and the latex agglutination test among 209 cases with encephalitis and meningitis. Antibiotic was prior to the specimen collected. Conclusion. The annual average incidence rate and the annual average fatality rate of CNM is 0.20/lakh and 3.61% in Shijiazhuang respectively.They were sporadic cases, and mainly were children. On account of longer course of disease and difficult definite diagnosis firstly, the prognosis is not good. It is important to boost the body immunity boosted, avoid to contact with the saprophyte, such as plant, birds and its feces, and treat timely to prevent CNM.