摘要 戊型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis E virus,HEV)是一种RNA病毒,主要分为4种基因型。HEV-1、HEV-2基因型主要经污染的水在人类循环传播;HEV-3、HEV-4基因型是典型的人兽共患病病毒,它们主要感染猪、野猪和鹿,也感染兔、鼠、禽类、羊等其他动物,可经污染水、未煮熟肉类及内脏进入食物链而感染人。感染HEV后多表现为自限性疾病,但少数转为慢性肝炎、肝硬化等肝病。HEV感染呈全球性分布,除30年前我国新疆由HEV-1引起的一起戊型肝炎疫情外,我国主要是由HEV-4引起的散发感染。随着国家“一带一路”战略的不断推进,从国外输入毒力更强的HEV-1病毒株风险极高。我国已研制出预防HEV感染的疫苗HEV239,并于2011年批准该疫苗生产和使用,这将对我国控制戊型肝炎流行起重要作用。
Abstract:Hepatitis E virus is an RNA virus, which is classified into 4 genotypes. HEV-1 and HEV-2 genotypes are transmitted by the contaminated water in human infections. HEV-3 and HEV-4 genotypes are typical zoonosis viruses, which mainly infect pig, wild boar and deer,and also could infect rabbit, rat, sheep, poultry and other animals.In addition,HEV-1 and HEV-2 oceasionally infect human beings via foodborne transmission by the contaminated water, undercooked meat and viscera. HEV Infection is a self limiting disease, but a few of the infections turn into chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and other liver diseases. HEV infection is globally prevelent.In China,the majority of infections HEV-4 caused sporadic cases except an HEV-1 outbreak in Xinjiang 30 years ago. The continuous development of the "One Belt and Road" initiative may increase the risk of introducing more virulent HEV-1 viruses from overseas countries.China has developed a vaccine( HEV239) to prevent the infection of hepatitis E virus,Which will play an important role in the control of HEV epidemic in China.
严延生, 杨秀惠. 戊型肝炎病毒传播的研究进展[J]. 中国人兽共患病学报, 2017, 33(8): 669-673.
Yan Yan-sheng, Yang Xiu-hui. Advances in the study of hepatitis E virus transmission. Chinese Journal of Zoonoses, 2017, 33(8): 669-673.
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