Abstract:In order to analyze the epidemiologic and surveillance data of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS)in Xi’an,from 2000 to 2010,and to describe the epidemiology of HFRS. The case data of HFRS reported by Network from the Infectious disease monitoring and information report management system, were statistic analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. It was found that 10647 cumulative HFRS cases with 115 deaths were reported during 2000-2010. The fatality rate was 1.08%. Cases mainly concentrated in area of Zhouzhi, Huxian and Chang’an, which accounted for 71.61% of the total cases (7624/10647). Time distribution was the double peaks features. The age of the patients was mainly between 16 and 60 which occupied 82.25%, Peasants accounted for 69.75% (7788/10647). The major species of mouse in community was Norway rat and in wilderness was apodemus agrarius. The virus-carrying arte of rets and index were 10.56% and 0.55. These founding suggests that epidemic situation of HFRS in Xi’an presents a downward trend reposefully, it is connected with the synthetical preventive measures such as vaccine inoculation and deratization. The virus-carrying arte of rets and/or index were still high in individual regions. In some areas the epidemic situation is also evolving; even appear new areas, the hidden trouble of the HFRS outbreaks still exist.