Abstract:Abstract: Objective To investigate the Shigella bacteria distribution, drug susceptibility in Ningxia, and provide the basis for the prevention and control of bacillary dysentery through homology analysis of molecular epidemiology. Methods Biochemistry of the system (API20E) was used to identify strains, bacteria categories were tested by Slide agglutination with a serum. The sensitivity of strain to 10 commonly used antibiotics was detected with Kirby-Bauer assay ,and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used for molecular typing, the results were alalysed through the BioNumericsV4?0 software and UPGMA method. Results Among the 176 shigella, there were 112 Shigella flexneri (63.64%), containing 52 Shigella flexneri 2b(29.55%), and 64 Shigella sonnet (36.36%). Sensitivity test showed that the most drug-resistant drugs were ampicillin, nalidixic acid, tetracycline and rifampin, followed by amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole, The highest sensitive drugs were ciprofloxacin (CIP), cefotaxime, cephalothin, the test also showed that Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnet have slight difference in resistance spectrum to 10 antibiotics. The 112 Shigella flexneri were divided into 36 banding patterns, JZXN11.NX06, JZXN11.NX07, JZXN11.NX021, JZXN11 and NX0025, accounting for 57.14%,are the main outbreak types in Ningxia. The 64 Shigella sonnet were divided into 21 banding patterns, J16X01.NX0011 and J16X01.NX0012 are the two epidemic banding patterns, accounting for 31.25% and 15.63%. Conclusion In Ningxia, the most popular shigella bacteria is the shigella flexneri, F2b is the dominant serotype. The dectection rate of F4c and shigella sonnet decreased signigicantly.The drug resistance rate of shigella to ampicillin (AMP), tetracycline (Te), amoxicillin (AML),the highest one, and the multi-drug resistance is serious. The PFGE type presented diversified popular features: the weaking of popular advantaged bands, the coexistence of various types.