Abstract:PE/PPE proteins are named after the conserved proline-glutamate (PE) or proline-proline-glutamate (PPE) motifs at their N-terminus. PE/PPE multigene family is unique to Mycobacterium and codes for approximately 10% of the whole genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Since their formal identification, PE/PPE proteins have attracted much interest. This review summarizes the recent knowledge about the gene family in order to better understand its biological function.
孙林,闵晨雨,钱源,焦新安. 结核分枝杆菌PE/PPE蛋白研究进展[J]. 中国人兽共患病学报, 2013, 29(5): 499-503.
SUN Lin,MIN Chen-yu,QIAN Yuan,JIAO Xin-an. Progress on PE/PPE proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Chinese Journal of Zoonoses, 2013, 29(5): 499-503.
[1]Cole ST, Brosch R, Parkhill J, et al. Deciphering the biology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from the complete genome sequence[J]. Nature, 1998, 393(6685): 537-544. DOI: 10.1038/31159 [2]Gey van Pittius NC, Sampson SL, Lee H, et al. Evolution and expansion of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis PE and PPE multigene families and their association with the duplication of the ESAT-6 (esx) gene cluster regions[J]. BMC Evol Biol, 2006, 6: 95. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-6-95 [3]Akhter Y, Ehebauer MT, Mukhopadhyay S, et al. The PE/PPE multigene family codes for virulence factors and is a possible source of mycobacterial antigenic variation: perhaps more[J]. Biochimie, 2012, 94(1): 110-116. DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2011.09.026 [4]Tundup S, Akhter Y, Thiagarajan D, et al. Clusters of PE and PPE genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are organized in operons: evidence that PE Rv2431c is co-transcribed with PPE Rv2430c and their gene products interact with each other[J]. FEBS Lett, 2006, 580(5): 1285-1293. DOI:10.1016/j.febslet.2006.01.042 [5]Strong M, Sawaya MR, Wang S,et al. Toward the structural genomics of complexes: crystal structure of a PE/PPE protein complex from Mycobacterium tuberculosis[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2006, 103(21): 8060-8065. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0602606103 [6]Garcia-Pelayo MC, Caimi KC, Inwald JK, et al. Microarray analysis of Mycobacterium microti reveals deletion of genes encoding PE-PPE proteins and ESAT-6 family antigens[J]. Tuberculosis (Edinb), 2004, 84(3/4): 159-166. DOI:10.1016/j.tube.2003.12.002 [7]Pajon R, Yero D, Lage A, et al. Computational identification of beta-barrel outer-membrane proteins in Mycobacterium tuberculosis predicted proteomes as putative vaccine candidates[J]. Tuberculosis (Edinb), 2006, 86(3/4): 290-302. DOI:10.1016/j.tube.2006.01.005 [8]Abdallah AM, Gey van Pittius NC, Champion PA, et al. Type VII secretion-mycobacteria show the way[J]. Nat Rev Microbiol, 2007, 5(11): 883-891. DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro1773 [9]Sayes F, Sun L, Di Luca M, et al. Strong immunogenicity and cross-reactivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESX-5 type VII secretion: encoded PE-PPE proteins predicts vaccine potential[J]. Cell Host Microbe, 2012, 11(4): 352-363. DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2012.03.003 [10]Betts JC, Lukey PT, Robb LC, et al.Evaluation of a nutrient starvation model of Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence by gene and protein expression profiling[J]. Mol Microbiol, 2002, 43(3): 717-731. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02779.x [11]Prakash P, Yellaboina S, Ranjan A, et al.Computational prediction and experimental verification of novel IdeR binding sites in the upstream sequences of Mycobacterium tuberculosis open reading frames[J]. Bioinformatics, 2005, 21(10): 2161-2166. DOI:10.1093/bioinformatics/bti375 [12]Khan N, Alam K, Nair S, et al. Association of strong immune responses to PPE protein Rv1168c with active tuberculosis[J]. Clin Vaccine Immunol, 2008, 15(6): 974-980. DOI: 10.1128/CVI.00485-07 [13]Reed SG, Coler RN, Dalemans W, et al. Defined tuberculosis vaccine, Mtb72F/AS02A, evidence of protection in cynomolgus monkeys[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2009, 106(7): 2301-2306. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0712077106 [14]Tsenova L, Harbacheuski R, Moreira AL, et al. Evaluation of the Mtb72F polyprotein vaccine in a rabbit model of tuberculous meningitis[J]. Infect Immun, 2006, 74(4): 2392-2401. DOI:10.1128/IAI.74.4.2392-2401.2006 [15]Leroux-Roels I, Leroux-Roels G, Ofori-Anyinam O,et al. Evaluation of the safety and immunogenicity of two antigen concentrations of the Mtb72F/AS02(A) candidate tuberculosis vaccine in purified protein derivative-negative adults[J]. Clin Vaccine Immunol, 2010, 7(11): 1763-1771. DOI: 10.1128/CVI.00133-10 [16]Von Eschen K, Morrison R, Braun M, et al. The candidate tuberculosis vaccine Mtb72F/AS02A: Tolerability and immunogenicity in humans[J]. Hum Vaccin, 2009, 5(7): 475-482. [17]Bertholet S, Ireton GC, Kahn M, et al. Identification of human T cell antigens for the development of vaccines against Mycobacterium tuberculosis[J]. J Immunol, 2008, 181(11): 7948-7957. [18]Romano M, Rindi L, Korf H, et al. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of tuberculosis subunit vaccines expressing PPE44 (Rv2770c)[J]. Vaccine, 2008, 26(48): 6053-6063. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.09.025 [19]Skeiky YA, Ovendale PJ, Jen S, et al. T cell expression cloning of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene encoding a protective antigen associated with the early control of infection[J]. J Immunol, 2000, 165(12): 7140-7149. [20]Delogu G, Brennan MJ. Comparative immune response to PE and PE_PGRS antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis[J]. Infect Immun, 2001, 69(9): 5606-5011. DOI:10.1128/IAI.69.9.5606-5611.2001