Abstract:The aim of this study is to explore the changes of cytokines secretion and lymphocyte subsets in children with adenovirus( ADV) infection,and to discover the relationship among ADV infection characteristics, prognosis and individual immune response.60 case hospitalized children with ADV antigen positive were selected as ADV infected group. The levels of cytokines secretion and lymphocyte subsets were detected in both ADV infected patients and 30 healthy children. The levels of serum IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF,IFN-γ and IL-17A, were detected by cytometric beads array.The percentages of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood,including CD3+、CD3+CD4+、CD3+CD8+、CD19+、CD16+CD56+,were detected by flow cytometry. The levels of serum IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, TNF and IL-17A in Adv infected group were significantly higher than normal group(P<0.01).And the levels of serum IL-10 and IFN-γ in Adv infected group were much lower than normal group(P<0.05).Compared with healthy children,The percentages of CD3+,CD3+CD4+,CD16+CD56+ and the ratio of CD4/CD8 were obviously decreased in ADV infected group (P<0.05) . The percentage of CD19+B lymphocyte was significantly higher than those in normal group (P<0.01) . There was no significantly difference on CD3+ CD8+T cells between two groups (P>0.05) . The study indicate that the levels of cytokines in serum and lymphocyte subsets are unbalance due to the ADV infection.The immunologic response disorder may play an important role in the children with respiratory ADV infection.