Abstract：As the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum, Oncomelania hupensis is an important link of schistosomiasis. It plays an important role in the transmission of schistosomiasis. This article mainly demonstrates the following aspects: the invasion of schistosome miracidium into O. hupensis, the growth of sporocyst, and the mature and escape of cercariae, which would provide laboratory data from literatures for revealing the symbiotic relationship between O. hupensis and S. japonicum. However, the symbiotic relationship between O. hupensis and S. japonicum is too complex to description completely. Therefore, the symbiotic relationship will be the focus of future research.
[1] Li SZ, Zheng H, Gao J, et al. Endemic status of schistosomiasis in people’s republic of China in 2012[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 2013, 25(6): 557-563. (in Chinese) 李石柱,郑浩,高婧,等.2012年全国血吸虫病疫情通报[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2013, 25(6): 557-563. [2]Wang SP. Medical parasitology[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2014: 136. (in Chinese) 汪世平.医学寄生虫学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2014: 136. [3]Wang TP, Chen GX, Cao ZG, et al. Effect of comprehensive schistosomiasis control strategy with empHasis on infectious source control in Guichi District, Chizhou City, Anhui Province[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 2009, 21(4): 250-258. (in Chinese) 汪天平, 陈更新, 操治国, 等. 安徽省池州市贵池区实施以传染源控制为主的血吸虫病综合防治策略效果评价[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2009, 21(4): 250-258. [4]Xu ZY, Zhu Q, Shan DC, et al. Further study on the relationship between the number of Schistosoma japanicum miracidia and the infection rate of Oncomelania snails[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 1993, 5(4): 217-219. (in Chinese) 许正元,朱奇,单敦昌,等.日本血吸虫毛蚴与钉螺感染率计量关系的进一步研究[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 1993, 5(4): 217-219. [5]He YX, Ni CH, Liu HX, et al. Susceptibility of Oncomelania hupensis hupensis at different ages and sexes to infection with Schistosoma japonicum[J]. Acta Parasitol Med Entomol Sin, 1994, 1(4): 21-26. (in Chinese) 何毅勋, 倪传华, 刘和香, 等. 不同性别及月龄的钉螺对日本血吸虫的易感性[J]. 寄生虫与医学昆虫学报, 1994, 1(4): 21-26. [6]He YX, Ni CH, Liu HX, et al. Infectivity of different numbers and ages of Schistosoma japonicum miracidia to Oncomelania hupensis hupensis[J]. Acta Parasitol Med Entomol Sin, 1994, 1(1): 22-25. (in Chinese) 何毅勋,倪传华,刘和香,等.不同数量及时龄的日本血吸虫毛蚴感染钉螺的研究[J].寄生虫与医学昆虫学报, 1994, 1(1): 22-25. [7]Wang W, Li HJ, Li YZ, et al. Susceptibility of Schistosoma japonicum miracidium to Oncomelania hupensis snails at different densities and distances: a primilinary experimental observation[J]. Mar Sci, 2011, 35(10): 64-68. (in Chinese) 汪伟,李洪军,李幼子,等.日本血吸虫毛蚴对不同密度和距离湖北钉螺易感性的初步实验观察[J].海洋科学,2011, 35(10): 64-68. [8]He SY, Liu HS, Xu ZY, et al. Quantitative study on the relationship between the number of Schistosoma japonicum miracidia and the infection rate of Oncomelania snails[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 1989, 1(1): 28-32. (in Chinese) 何尚英,刘惠生,许正元,等.日本血吸虫毛蚴与钉螺感染率关系的计量研究[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,1989, 1(1): 28-32. [9]Tian Y, Wang TP, Wang QZ, et al. Susceptibilities of Oncomelania hupensis snails to Schistosoma japonicum miracidia from different hosts[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 2011, 23(4): 446-448. (in Chinese) 田月,汪天平,汪奇志,等.钉螺对不同宿主源性日本血吸虫毛蚴的易感性[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2011,23(4): 446-448. [10]Mao SB. Schistosome biology and control of schistosomiasis[M]. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 1990: 72-73. (in Chinese) 毛守白.血吸虫生物学与血吸虫病的防治[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1990:72-73. [11]Anderson RM, Mercer JG, Wilson RA, et al. Transmission of Schistosoma mansoni from man to snail: experimental studies of miracidial survival and infectivity in relation to larval age,water temperature, host size and host age[J]. Parasitology, 1982, 85(2): 339-360. DOI: 10.1017/S0031182000055323 [12]Zhao WX. Practical schistosomiasis[M]. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 1990: 23. (in Chinese) 赵慰先.实用血吸虫病学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1990:23. [13]Zheng YJ, Zhong JH, Chen XL, et al. Influence of drowning on survival of Oncomelania[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 2002, 14(1): 46-49. (in Chinese) 郑英杰,钟久河,陈秀纶,等.水淹对钉螺生存的影响[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2002, 14(1):46-49. [14]Zhang SQ, Pan XP, Wang TP, et al. Preliminary effect of comprehensive measures with empHasis on infectious source control for schistosomiasis control in islet endemic regions[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 2009, 21(4): 259-261. (in Chinese) 张世清,潘新平,汪天平,等.洲岛型血吸虫病流行区实施以传染源控制为主的综合防治措施效果初步观察[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2009,2l(4):259-261. [15]Chernin E. Some host-finding attributes of Schistosoma mansoni miracidia[J]. Am J Trop Med Ayg, 1974, 23(3): 320-327. [16]Sponholtz GM, Short RB. Schistosoma mansoni miracidia: stimulation by calcium and magnesium[J]. J Parasitol, 1976, 62(2): 155-157. DOI: 10.2307/3279082 [17]Sitbbs HH, Chrnin E, Ward S, et al. Magnesium emitted by snails alters swimming behaviors of Schistosoma mansoni miracidia[J]. Nature, 1976, 260(5553): 702-703. DOI: 10.1038/260702a0 [18]Guo TN, He CH, Zhou B, et al. Observation on chemotaxis of miracidium of Schistosoma japonicum to Oncomelania snails[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 2006, 18(2): 122-124. (in Chinese) 郭天南,何昌浩,周斌,等.日本血吸虫毛蚴对钉螺趋向作用的观察[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2006, 18(2): 122-124. [19]Rorters TM, Ward S, Chernin E. Behavioral responses of Schistosoma mansoni miracidia in concentration gradients of snail-conditioned water[J]. J Parasitol, 1979, 65(1): 41-49. DOI: 10.2307/3280200 [20]Zhang AH, Zhou B, He CH, et al. Impact of ions on chemotaxis of miracidia of Schistosoma japonicum[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 2006, 18(5): 361-364. (in Chinese) 张爱华,周斌,何昌浩,等.离子对日本血吸虫毛蚴趋向的影响[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2006, 18(5): 361-364. [21]Chen XG, Shen DW, Tan JH, et al. The effect of Mg2+ and Fe3+ on the distribution of Schistosoma japonicum miracidia and use of this information in simulated snails[J]. J Pathog Biol, 2010, 5(7): 529-530, 501. (in Chinese) 陈喜珪,沈定文,覃金红,等. Mg2+ 和Fe3+ 对日本血吸虫毛蚴的趋向作用观察及在“模拟钉螺”中的应用[J].中国病原生物学杂志, 2010, 5(7): 529-530, 501. [22]Zhang AH, Zhou B, Peng X, et al. Influence of environment on Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 suppressing S.japonicum miracidium invading oncomelaniasis[J]. J Pub Health Prev Med, 2007, 18(5): 18-19. (in Chinese) 张爱华,周斌,彭讯,等.水环境对硫酸亚铁胺抑制日本血吸虫毛蚴趋向运动的影响[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2007,18(5): 18-19. [23]Liu LN, Liu L, Chen LW, et al. Impact of macromolecular protein on chemotaxis of miracidia of Schistosoma japonicum[J]. Prac Prev Med, 2010, 17(9): 1735-1737. (in Chinese) 刘丽妮,刘浪,陈隆望,等.蛋白质分子对日本血吸虫毛蚴趋向作用的观察[J].实用预防医学,2010, 17(9): 1735-1737. [24]Zhang AH, Bian ZL, Deng DM, et al. Role of plant allelopathy in chemotaxis of Schistosoma japonicum miracidium[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 2009, 21(4): 323-324. (in Chinese) 张爱华,边藏丽,邓德明,等.植物他感作用对日本血吸虫毛蚴趋向性观察[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2009, 21(4): 323-324. [25]Zhou XN. Science on Oncomelania snail[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2005: 227. (in Chinese) 周晓农.实用钉螺学[M].北京:科学出版社, 2005: 227. [26]Zhou SL, Jiang MS, Lin JY, et al. Ultrastructure of Schistosoma japonicum[M]. Wuhan: Wuhan University Press, 2005: 36. (in Chinese) 周述龙,蒋明森,林建银,等.日本血吸虫超微结构[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2005: 36. [27]Mei BS, Zhou SL. Effects of osmolarity and pH on the transformation of Schistosoma japonicum miracidium to moter sporocyst in vitro[J]. Med J Wuhan University, 1988, 9(3): 200-204. (in Chinese) 梅柏松, 周述龙. 渗透压、PH值对日本血吸虫毛蚴体外转变成母胞蚴的影响[J]. 湖北医学院学报, 1988, 9(3): 200-204. [28]Xu GY, Li JQ, Yang PC. Observation on development of Schistosoma japonicum in Oncomelania hupensis[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 2005, 17(4): 260-261. (in Chinese) 徐国余,李解权,杨佩才.日本血吸虫幼虫在钉螺体内发育观察[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2005, 17(4): 260-261. [29]Boyle JP, Zaide JV, Yoshino TP. Schistosoma mansoni: effect of serotonin and serotonin receptor antagonists on motility and length of primary sporocyst in vitro[J]. Exp Parasitol, 2000, 94(4): 217-226. DOI: 10.1006/expr.2000.4500 [30]Boyle JP, Yoshino TP. Serotonin-induced muscular activity in Schistosoma mansoni larval stages: Importance of 5-HT transport and role in daughter sporocyst production[J]. J Parasitol, 2005, 91(3): 542-550. DOI: 10.1645/GE-432R [31]Zhou XL, Dong HF, Jiang MS, et al. In vitro effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine on motility and length of Schistosoma japonicum primary sporocysts[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2008, 26(4): 295-297. (in Chinese) 周响玲,董惠芬,蒋明森,等. 5-羟色胺体外对日本血吸虫母胞蚴运动性与体长的影响[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2008, 26(4): 295-297. [32]Hu M, Zhou SL, Li Y. Study on development of sporocyst in artificially infected Schistosoma japonicum in Oncomelania hupensis reared in laboratory[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 1994, 6(1): 27-29. (in Chinese) 胡敏,周述龙,李瑛.人工感染钉螺体内日本血吸虫胞蚴期发育的观察[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 1994, 6(1): 27-29. [33]Shu LM. Penetration, distribution and migration of Schistosoma japonicum miracidia in Oncomelania hupensis[J]. Acta Zoologica Sinica, 2000, 46(3): 249-254. (in Chinese) 舒利民. 日本血吸虫毛蚴对钉螺的钻穿及在螺体内的分布和移行[J]. 动物学报, 2000, 46(3):249-254. [34]Zhou SL. Observation on development of Schistosoma japonicum in Oncomelania hupensis[J]. Acta Microbiol Sin, 1958, 6(1): 110-126. (in Chinese) 周述龙.日本血吸虫幼虫在钉螺体内发育的观察[J].微生物学报, 1958, 6(1): 110-126. [35]Xia MY, Zhu XH. Dynamics of daughter sporocyst population of Schistosoma japonicum in the snail host Oncomelania hupensis[J]. Chin J Vet Parasit, 1996, 4(2): 1-3. (in Chinese) 夏明仪,朱雪花.日本血吸虫子胞蚴群体侵占钉螺肝脏的动态的研究[J].中国兽医寄生虫病, 1996, 4(2): 1-3. [36]Sun LP, Zhou XN, Hong QB, et al. Initial temperature for the development of Schistosoma japonicum larvae in Oncomelania hupensis[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2003, 21(5): 303-306. (in Chinese) 孙乐平,周晓农,洪青标,等.日本血吸虫幼虫在钉螺体内发育起点温度的研究[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2003, 21(5): 303-306. [37]Sun LP, Zhou XN, Hong QB, et al. The preliminary study on the growing degree day (GDD) of Schistosoma japonicum developing in the intermediate snail host, Oncomelania hupensis[J]. Chin J Zoonoses, 2001, 17(4): 80-82. (in Chinese) 孙乐平,周晓农,洪青标,等.日本血吸虫在钉螺体内发育成熟积温的初步研究[J].中国人兽共患病杂志,2001,17(4): 80-82. [38]Xu ZY, Liu HS, Shen MX, et al. A quantitative laboratory study on the emergence of cercariae from Oncomelania snails infected with different numbers of Schistosoma japonicum miracidia[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 1989, 1(4): 4-8. (in Chinese) 许正元,刘惠生,沈明学,等.不同数量血吸虫毛蚴感染钉螺后感染螺逸蚴的计量研究[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 1989, 1(4): 4-8. [39]Jiang YJ, Dai JR. Observations on Schistosome cercariae from infected snails[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 2002, 14(3): 228-229. (in Chinese) 姜玉骥,戴建荣.感染性钉螺释放尾蚴与生存情况观察[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2002, 14(3): 228-229. [40]Ni CH, Xia F, Liu HX, et al. Observation on number of cercariae shedded and the cercariae-shedding peak of the snails infected with Schistosoma japonicum[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 1992, 4(1): 15-17. (in Chinese) 倪传华,夏丰,刘和香,等.日本血吸虫毛蚴感染钉螺的逸蚴数量和逸蚴高峰的观察[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 1992, 4(1): 15-17. [41]Jiang YJ, Huang YX, Hong QB, et al. Observation on number of cercariae hatching from infected snails from different areas[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 2007, 19(5): 376-378. (in Chinese) 姜玉骥,黄轶昕,洪青标,等.不同地区感染性钉螺逸蚴数量的观察[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2007, 19(5): 376-378. [42]Liang YS, Dai JR, Li HJ, et al. Impact of water temperature on shedding and infectivity of cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 2004, 16(3): 164-166. (in Chinese) 梁幼生,戴建荣,李洪军,等.水温对日本血吸虫尾蚴的逸出及其感染力的影响[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2004, 16(3): 164-166. [43]Taejon SJ. Study on the development of Schistosoma japonicum in Oncomelania snail[J]. Beiguan Med J, 1957, 7: 129. (in Japanese) 大田秀净.日本住血吸虫の中間宿主体内に於けゐ發育に关すゐ研究[J].北关医学雜誌, 1957, 7: 129. [44]van der Knaap WPW, Loker ES. Immune mechanisms in trematode-snail interactions[J].Parasitol Today, 1990, 6(6): 175-182. DOI: 10.1016/0169-4758(90)90349-9 [45]Mitta G, Galinier R, Tisseyre P, et al. Gene discovery and expression analysis of immune-relevant genes from BiompHalaria glabrata hemocytes[J]. Dev Comp Immunol, 2005, 29(5): 393-407. DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2004.10.002 [46]Zhang HM, Zhuge HX, Wang YF, et al. Studies on haemocytes of Oncomelania hupensis[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2007, 25(2): 141-144. (in Chinese) 张红梅,诸葛洪祥,王玉芳,等.钉螺血淋巴细胞及其功能的研究[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2007, 25(2): 141-144. [47]Du L, Zhang W, Lu K, et al. Progress on immunological mechanism in mollusks[J]. Progr Vet Med, 2008, 29(3): 77-81. (in Chinese) 杜丽,张巍,陆逵,等.贝类免疫机制研究进展[J].动物医学进展, 2008, 29(3): 77-81. [48]Ke JY, Chen YS, Dai CJ. Review of researches done on the malacozoan immune mechanism[J]. J Ningde Teach Coll: Nat Sci, 2009, 21(2): 113, 118. (in Chinese) 柯佳颖,陈寅山,戴聪杰.贝类免疫机制研究概况[J].宁德师专学报:自然科学版,2009,21(2): 113, 118. [49]Yan H. Study on purification and immunological activity of agglutinin from Oncomelania hupensis[J]. Mod Med J, 2013, 41(4): 238-242. (in Chinese) 严华.钉螺凝集素的分离纯化及免疫活性的研究[J].现代医学,2013, 41(4): 238-242. [50]Cheng TC. Invertebrate blood cells[M]. New York: Academic Press, 1981: 233-330. [51]Zhang SM, Loker ES. Representation of an immune responsive gene family encoding fibrinogen-related proteins in the freshwater mollusk BiompHalaria glabrata, an intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni[J]. Gene, 2004, 341(24): 255-266. DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2004.07.003 [52]Liu LP, Xiao LB, He CH, et al. Changes of contents of acid pHospHatase in Oncomelania snails infected with Schistosoma japonicum[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 2008, 20(5): 367-368. (in Chinese) 刘凌鹏,肖丽波,何昌浩,等.钉螺感染日本血吸虫后酸性磷酸酶含量变化[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2008, 20(5): 367-368. [53]Zhou XN. Progress on Oncomelania snail biology[J]. Chin J Schisto Ctrl, 1994, 6(1): 25-31. (in Chinese) 周晓农.钉螺的生物学研究进展[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 1994, 6(1): 25-31. [54]Roger E, Mitta G, Mone Y, et al. Molecular determinants of compatibility polymorpHism in the BiompHalaria glabrata/Schistosoma mansoni model: new candidates identified by a global comparative proteomics approach[J]. Mol Biochem Parasitol, 2008, 157(2): 205-216. DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2007.11.003
2014, Vol. 30 
