Effect of helminths on intestinal flora and its role in host immunity
GUO Xin-yan, ZHAO Quan, YANG Gui-lian
College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
Abstract：Gastrointestinal parasites share symbiotic habitats with other organisms such as commensal flora. Studies have shown that there are a large number of interactions between helminth and gut microflora in vertebrate infection models that have a major impact on host immunity and metabolism. This review summarizes the interactions between helminth and microorganisms and their roles in host immunity and aims to provide a theoretical basis for the study of the interaction between helminth and gut microbes.
郭歆岩,赵权,杨桂连. 蠕虫对肠道菌群的影响及在宿主免疫中的作用[J]. 中国人兽共患病学报, 2018, 34(6): 570-573.
GUO Xin-yan, ZHAO Quan, YANG Gui-lian. Effect of helminths on intestinal flora and its role in host immunity. Chinese Journal of Zoonoses, 2018, 34(6): 570-573.
[1] Iizumi T,Battaglia T,Ruiz V,et al.Gut microbiome and antibiotics [J].Arch Med Res,Available online 6 December 2017.DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2017.11.004 [2] Guinane CM, Cotter PD.Role of the gut microbiota in health and chronic gastrointestinal disease: understanding a hidden metabolic organ[J].Ther Adv Gas troenter, 2013,6(4): 295-308.DOI: 10.1177/1756283X13482996 [3] Mclean MH, Dieguez Jr D, Miller LM, et al.Does the microbiota play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease[J] Gut, 2015, 64(2): 332-341.DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308514 [4] Geuking MB, Cahenzli J, Lawson MA, et al.Intestinal bacterial colonization induces mutualistic regulatory T cell responses[J].Immunity, 2011, 34(5): 794-806.DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2011.03.021 [5] Farkas AM, Panea C, Goto Y,et al.Induction of Th17 cells by segmented filamentous bacteria in the murine intestine[J].J Immunol Methods, 2015,421: 104-111.DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2015.03.020 [6] Belkaid Y, Hand TW.Role of the microbiota in immunity and inflammation[J].Cell,2014,157(1): 121-41.DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2014.03.011 [7] Round JL, Mazmanian SK.Inducible Foxp3+ regulatory T-cell development by a commensal bacterium of the intestinal microbiota[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2010, 107(27): 12204-12209.DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0909122107 [8] Sargison N.D, Wilson DJ, Penny CD, et al.Unexpected production loss caused by helminth parasites in weaned beef calves[J].Vet Rec, 2010, 167(19): 752-754.DOI: 10.1136/vr.c5428 [9] Nono JK, Ndlovu H, Abdel AN.Interleukin-4 receptor alpha is still required after Th2 polarization for the maintenance and the recall of protective immunity to Nematode infection[J]. PLoS Neglect Trop,2017,11(6): e0005675.DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005675 [10] Garg SK, Croft AM, Bager P.Helminth therapy (worms) for induction of remission in inflammatory bowel disease[M].John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,2014,1(1): CD009400-CD009400.DOI: 10.1002/14651858 [11] Reynolds LA, Smith KA, Filbey KJ, et al.Commensal-pathogen interactions in the intestinal tract: lactobacilli promote infection with, and are promoted by, helminth parasites[J].Gut Microbes,2014, 5(4):522-32.DOI: 10.4161/gmic.32155. [12] Medzhitov R, Schneider D, Soares M, et al.Disease tolerance as a defense strategy[J].Science, 2012, 335: 936-941.DOI: 10.1126/science.1214935 [13] Houlden A, Hayes KS, Bancroft AJ, et al.Chronic trichuris muris infection in C57BL/6 mice causes significant changes in host microbiota and metabolome: effects reversed by pathogen clearance[J].PLoS One, 2015, 10(5): e0125945.DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125945 [14] Geuking MB, Cahenzli J, Lawson MA, et al.Intestinal bacterial colonization induces mutualistic regulatory T cell responses[J].Immunity, 2011, 34(5): 794-806.DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2011.03.021 [15] Forbes EE, Groschwitz K, Abonia JP, et al.IL-9 and mast cell-mediated intestinal permeability predisposes to oral antigen hypersensitivity[J].J Exp Med, 2008, 205(4):897-913.DOI: 10.1084/jem.20071046 [16] Chang HC, Sehra S, Goswami R, et al.The transcription factor PU.1 is required for the development of IL-9-producing T cells and allergic inflammation[J].Nat Immunol, 2010, 11(6): 527-534.DOI: 10.1038/ni.1867 [17] Wills-Karp M, Rani R, Dienger K, et al.Trefoil factor 2 rapidly induces interleukin 33 to promote type 2 immunity during allergic asthma and hookworm infection[J].J Exp Med, 2012, 209(3): 607-622.DOI: 10.1084/jem.20110079 [18] Patel N, Wu W, Mishra PK, et al.A2B adenosine receptor induces protective antihelminth type 2 immune responses[J].Cell Host Microbe, 2014, 15(3): 339-350.DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.02.001 [19] Gerbe F, Sidot E, Smyth DJ, et al.Intestinal epithelial tuft cells initiate type 2 mucosal immunity to helminth parasites[J].Nature, 2016, 529(7585): 226.DOI: 10.1038/nature16527 [20] Hasnain SZ, Evans CM, Roy M, et al.Muc5ac: a critical component mediating the rejection of enteric nematodes[J].J Exp Med, 2011, 208(5): 893-900.DOI: 10.1084/jem.20102057 [21] Guivier E, Lippens C, Faivre B, et al.Plastic and micro-evolutionary responses of a nematode to the host immune environment[J].Exp Parasitol, 2017 (181) 14-22.DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.07.002 [22] Verdelho MM, Helena CP.Diet, Microbiota, obesity, and NAFLD: A dangerous quartet[J].Int J Mol SCI,2016,17(4):481.DOI:10.3390/ijms17040481 [23] Ramstead AG, Robison A, Blackwell A,et al.Roles of TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88 during pulmonary Coxiella burnetii infection[J].Infect Immun,2016,84(4): 657-674.DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00898-15 [24] Reynolds LA, Harcus Y, Smith KA, et al.MyD88 signaling inhibits protective immunity to the gastrointestinal helminth parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus[J].J Immunol, 2014, 193(6): 2984-2993.DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401056 [25] Geuking MB, Cahenzli J, Lawson MA, et al.Intestinal bacterial colonization induces mutualistic regulatory T cell responses[J].Immunity, 2011, 34(5): 794-806.DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2011.03.021 [26] Partidarodríguez O, Serranovázquez A, Nievesramírez ME, et al.Human intestinal microbiota: interaction between parasites and the host immune response[J].Arch Med Res,2017 12(28): S0188-4409(17)30248-5.DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2017.11.015 [27] Ohnmacht C, Park JH, Cording S, et al.The microbiota regulates type 2 immunity through RORγt+ T cells[J].Science, 2015, 349(6251): 989-993.DOI: 10.1126/science.aac4263 [28] McSorley HJ, Maizels RM.Helminth infections and host immune regulation[J].Clin Microbiol Rev, 2012, 25(4): 585-608.DOI:10.1128/CMR.05040-11 [29] Zakeri A, Borji H, Haghparast A.Interaction between helminths and toll-like receptors: possibilities and potentials for asthma therapy[J].Int Rev Immunol,2016,35(3): 219-248.DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2015.1096936 [30] Kim SV, Xiang WV, Kwak C, et al.GPR15-mediated homing controlos immune homeostasis in the large intestine mucosa[J].Nature, 2013, 504(7480): 451-455.DOI: 10.1126/science.1237013
2018, Vol. 34 
