Abstract:This study aimed to evaluate the progress in HIV testing in the Qingpu District in recent years and thereby provide a basis for the quality of HIV testing, and the prevention and control of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the future. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), a chemiluminescence method or a colloidal selenium method, was used to reexamine the reaction samples screened between January 2014 and December 2020, in accordance with the requirements of the National Guidelines for Detection of HIV/AIDS (2009, 2015 and 2020 revisions). Western blot analysis was used to confirm the reaction samples analyzed with any reexamination method, and data were collected and analyzed. A total of 1 374 reexamined reactive specimens were subjected to additional antibody testing, of which 1 156 (84.13%), 148 (10.77%) and 70 (5.10%) had positive, negative and uncertain results, respectively. The outpatient voluntary consultation test service is the main method of detecting HIV infection. The positivity rates of the ELISA and colloidal selenium methods were 95.12% and 90.45% respectively, which were higher than those of the single ELISA or colloidal selenium method. Most confirmed positive cases were found in patients 15~49 years of age, followed by those >50 years of age, and most patients were men. The mean S/CO ratio of screening results: the confirmed positive cases was higher than those of the uncertain or negative cases. The gp160 and gp120 bands were found in all the cases. Among the uncertain specimens, 62.86% and 52.86% were positive for p24 and gp160, respectively, and 62.50% were positive for both. Rechecking the ELISA and colloidal selenium methods with two methods or two reagents can effectively reduce the false-positive rate. Re-examination of the S/CO ratio and testing with a confirmation strip have certain prompt effects. For specimens with >2 uncertain strips and high S/CO ratios, attention should be paid to nucleic acid testing and follow-up. HIV/AIDS prevention and education should be strengthened among young adults and older men.
徐秋芳, 范妤, 张亚军, 张相猛, 卢晓芸, 施怡茹, 徐瑞芳, 潘俊锋, 赵锦江. 2014-2020年上海市青浦区HIV抗体筛查和确证试验结果分析[J]. 中国人兽共患病学报, 2021, 37(9): 821-825.
XU Qiu-fang, FAN Yu, ZHANG Ya-jun, ZHANG Xiang-meng, LU Xiao-yun, SHI Yi-ru, XU Rui-fang, PAN Jun-feng, ZHAO Jin-jiang. Analysis of characteristics of HIV antibody screening and confirmatory test results in the Qingpu District of Shanghai, 2014—2020. Chinese Journal of Zoonoses, 2021, 37(9): 821-825.
[1] Lucas F, Marisa TP, Natalia G, et al.Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of quinoxaline compounds as anti-HIV agents targeting reverse transcriptase enzyme[J]. Eur J Med Chem, 2020,188:111987.DOI:10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111987 [2] Bjorkman PJ.Can we use structural knowledge to design a protective vaccine against HIV-1?[J]. HLA,2020,95(2):95-103.DOI:10.1111/tan.13759 [3] Abhijit K, Shilpa B, Narayan P, et al.Persons living with HIV continue to present late for care: a trend analysis from 2011 to 2015[J].Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS,2019,40(2):133-138.DOI:10.4103/ijstd.IJSTD_5_18 [4] Packel L,Fahey C,Njau P,et al.Implementation science using proctor's framework and an adaptation of the multiphase optimization strategy: optimizing a financial incentive intervention for HIV treatment adherence in Tanzania[J].J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr,2019,82(3):332-338.DOI:10.1097/QAI.0000-000000002196 [5] 袁天义,薛秀娟,王文江,等.2015-2019年许昌市 HIV 抗体免疫印迹试验不确定检测结果分析[J].河南预防医学杂志,2020,31(8):734-737.DOI:10.13515/j.cnki.hnjpm.1006-8414.2020.08.009 [6] 汤琰,王涛,盛燕华, 等.HIV抗体确证实验的替代策略研究[J].中国艾滋病性病,2014,20(10):734-737.DOI:10.13419/j.cnki.aids.2014.10.038 [7] 陈婧,王涛,汤琰,等. 2014-2018 年上海市浦东新区 HIV 抗体筛查与确证试验结果特征分析[J]. 公共卫生与预防医学, 2020,2(31):62-65. [8] 鲍作义,杨晓莉,刘永健,等. HIV抗体不确定结果的特征与鉴别方法研究[J]. 中华微生物学与免疫学杂志,2010,30(5):427-430. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5101.2010.05.010 [9] 鲍作义,刘永健,王海燕. HIV 抗体免疫印迹试验不确定结果的特征及鉴别方法[J].中华流行病学杂志,2008,29(5):478-481. [10] 缪礼锋,沈月兰,吴建军,等. HIV抗体蛋白印迹试验不确定结果的血清学特征及病毒载量辅助诊断的意义[J].中国艾滋病性病,2016,22(3):150-154. DOI:10.13419/j.cnki.aids.2016.03.04 [11] 楚承霞,赵山平,刘芳芳. HIV 抗体不确定标本158 例的结果及随访转归观察[J].检验医学与临床, 2013,10(6):659-660,662. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9455.2013.06.009 [12] 刘全忠, 蒋岩.人类免疫缺陷病毒确认试验假阳性问题及其对策[J].中华皮肤科杂志, 2004,37(4):245-246. DOI:10.3760/j.issn.0412-4030.2004.04.034 [13] BI X, Ning H, Wang T, et al.Comparative performance of electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and EIA for HIV screening in a multiethnic region of China[J]. PLoS One, 2012,7(10):e48162.DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0048162