Abstract:The present study investigated the characteristics and epidemic trends of leptospirosis to provide a scientific basis for control and prevention. Epidemic data on human leptospirosis and related monitoring data from 2009 to 2019 were examined through epidemiological analysis. A total of 141 cases and 9 deaths occurred from 2009 to 2019. The incidence rate of leptospirosis presented a downward fluctuating trend. The average incidence per year was 0.035 9/100 000, and the average mortality rate was 0.002 3/100 000. The highest risk area was Qiandongnan Prefecture (with 113 cases, incidence 0.284 0/100 000). Cases were reported in all months of the year except January, March and April. Most cases were reported from August to October (117 cases, accounting for 82.98%). Among them, 130 cases (92.20%) were in people 10~65 years of age. The gender ratio among cases was 5.13∶1. Farmers were the most common occupation among infected people (103 cases, 73.05%), followed by students (26 cases, 18.44%). The epidemic pattern was sporadic rice field leptospirosis. A total of 942 rats were trapped in rice fields, and the capture rate was 10.93% (942/8 621). The dominant species in the rats was Apodemus agrarius (412, accounting for 43.74%). A total of 82 strains of Leptospira were isolated, with an isolation rate of 8.70% (82/942). All strains isolated from A.agrarius grouped as the icterohaemorrhagiae strain. The leptospiral carriage rate among rats was 19.90% (82/412). The positivity rate of anti-Leptospira antibody was 42.45% (59/139) in suspected leptospirosis cases, and the leptospirosis was mainly icterohaemorrhagiae type (36 cases, 61.02%). The positivity rate of leptospirosis antibodies in healthy people in the epidemic area was 53.33%, a value significantly higher than that in the non-epidemic area (11.89%) (χ2=38.85, P=0.00). The incidence of human leptospirosis in Guizhou Province has decreased significantly but was high in some localities. The potential epidemic risk of historical natural foci must be recognized, and comprehensive interventions such as monitoring and health education must be intensified.
姚光海, 刘英, 黄荷, 胡灿, 王丹, 聂炜, 邹志霆, 李世军. 2009—2019年贵州省人间钩端螺旋体病疫情流行特征研究[J]. 中国人兽共患病学报, 2021, 37(10): 903-909.
YAO Guang-hai, LIU Ying, HUANG He, HU Can, WANG Dan, NIE Wei, ZOU Zhi-ting, LI Shi-jun. Epidemiological haracteristic of human leptospirosis in Guizhou Province from 2009 to 2019. Chinese Journal of Zoonoses, 2021, 37(10): 903-909.
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